Technology Roadmap: Nuclear Energy

Almost one quarter of global electricity could be generated from nuclear power by 2050, making a major contribution to cutting greenhouse gas emissions. This is the central finding of the Nuclear Energy Technology Roadmap, published today by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). Such an expansion will require nuclear generating capacity to more than triple over the next 40 years, a target the roadmap describes as ambitious but achievable.




Table of Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Key findings
Table of contents
Introduction
The Energy Technology Roadmaps project
Opportunities and challenges for nuclear expansion
Purpose of the roadmap
The status of nuclear energy today
Managing the existing nuclear fleet
Nuclear energy technology for near-term deployment
Status of the nuclear fuel cycle
The management of radioactive waste
Nuclear energy deployment to 2050: actions and milestones
Nuclear capacity growth in the BLUE Map scenario
The outlook for nuclear expansion to 2020
Preparing for more rapid deployment after 2020
Nuclear fuel cycle requirements
Technology development and deployment: actions and milestones
Evolutionary development of current technologies
Implementing solutions for disposal of spent fuel and high-level waste
Developing a new generation of nuclear technologies
Status and potential of small modular reactors
Nuclear energy as an alternative for heat and transport
Policy, financial and social aspects: actions and milestones
The importance of strong policy support
Establishing the legal and regulatory frameworks
Financing new nuclear power plants
Involvement of civil society
Capacity building in countries planning a nuclear programme
Non-proliferation, physical protection and security of nuclear fuel supply
Roadmap action plan
Actions led by governments and other public bodies
Actions led by the nuclear and electricity supply industries
Actions led by other stakeholders
References

Technology Roadmap: Nuclear Energy

Almost one quarter of global electricity could be generated from nuclear power by 2050, making a major contribution to cutting greenhouse gas emissions. This is the central finding of the Nuclear Energy Technology Roadmap, published today by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). Such an expansion will require nuclear generating capacity to more than triple over the next 40 years, a target the roadmap describes as ambitious but achievable.




Table of Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Key findings
Table of contents
Introduction
The Energy Technology Roadmaps project
Opportunities and challenges for nuclear expansion
Purpose of the roadmap
The status of nuclear energy today
Managing the existing nuclear fleet
Nuclear energy technology for near-term deployment
Status of the nuclear fuel cycle
The management of radioactive waste
Nuclear energy deployment to 2050: actions and milestones
Nuclear capacity growth in the BLUE Map scenario
The outlook for nuclear expansion to 2020
Preparing for more rapid deployment after 2020
Nuclear fuel cycle requirements
Technology development and deployment: actions and milestones
Evolutionary development of current technologies
Implementing solutions for disposal of spent fuel and high-level waste
Developing a new generation of nuclear technologies
Status and potential of small modular reactors
Nuclear energy as an alternative for heat and transport
Policy, financial and social aspects: actions and milestones
The importance of strong policy support
Establishing the legal and regulatory frameworks
Financing new nuclear power plants
Involvement of civil society
Capacity building in countries planning a nuclear programme
Non-proliferation, physical protection and security of nuclear fuel supply
Roadmap action plan
Actions led by governments and other public bodies
Actions led by the nuclear and electricity supply industries
Actions led by other stakeholders
References

Technology Roadmap: Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This energy technology roadmap focuses on electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles (EV/PHEV),
presenting for the first time a detailed scenario for their evolution from annual production of a few thousand to over 100 million vehicles by 2050.


It finds that the next decade is a key "make or break" period for EVs and PHEVs: governments, the automobile industry, electric utilities and other stakeholders must work together to roll out vehicles and infrastructure in a coordinated fashion, and ensure that the rapidly growing consumer market is ready to purchase them. The roadmap concludes with a set of near-term actions to achieve the roadmap’s vision.




Table of Contents
Key Findings
Introduction
Roadmap scope
Roadmap vision
Roadmap purpose and content
EV/PHEV Status Today
Overview
EV technology
PHEV technology
Batteries: The key technology for EVs and PHEVs
EV/PHEV Deployment: Market Impact Projections and CO2 Abatement Potential
Overview of BLUE Map scenario targets and assumptions
Market growth projections in model types and model sales
Impacts on fuel use and CO2 emissions
Vehicle and battery manufacturer partnerships and production targets
Technology Development: Strategic Goals, Actions and Milestones
1. Set targets for electric-drive vehicle sales
2. Develop coordinated strategies to support the market introduction of electric-drive vehicles
3. Improve industry understanding of consumer needs and behaviours
4. Develop performance metrics for characterising vehicles
5. Foster energy storage RD&D initiatives to reduce costs and address resource-related issues
6. Develop and implement recharging infrastructure
Additional Recommendations: Actions and Milestones
Use a comprehensive mix of policies that provide a clear framework and balance stakeholder interests
Engage in international collaboration efforts
Encourage governments to address policy and industry needs at a national level
Conclusion: Near-term Actions for Stakeholders
Appendix I. References
Appendix II. Abbreviations and Acronyms